Summary of the Medical Wars of Greece

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Undoubtedly, during the era of the ancient world we will find a series of population movements at the same time that the great empires were growing more and more. Was the Achaemenid Empire, that is to say, the Persians, the enemy par excellence of the western peoples and, more specifically, of the Hellenic world that had to suffer for a long time the constant advances of these. In this lesson from a TEACHER we bring you a summary of the Medical Wars of Greece a series of war conflicts to maintain freedom against the Persian troops.

Index

1. How many medical wars were there?
2. Medical War I
3. The II Medical War
4. The III Medical War

The first thing we have to see inside the summary of the Medical Wars of Greece, are the periods in which we are going to move:

• I Medical War (490-481 a. C.)
• II Medical War (480-479 BC. C.)
• III Medical War (471-448 a. C.)

Therefore, we can see that, in a short period of time, there were endless confrontations between these two empires. In addition to a series of intrigues between the different Hellenic states that largely led to the Persian advance for a long time.

We continue our lesson going on to talk about the first period of confrontations that took place from the year 490 a. C. when the Persian fleet left for Cyclades islands, Euboea to finally land on the eastern coast of Attica.

It was in September 490 BC. C. when the first land battle took place as such, being the marathon battle, where the Athenians were victorious, provoking on the side of the Persians about 6,000 casualties. T

Following this, the Persians who had succeeded in embarking again made an attempt to disembark in the Piraeus to take the Athenian city by storm, but the troops who had arrived at forced marches in a matter of hours, made them rethink the withdrawal.

Shortly after, Miltiades, who had been the defender in Marathon, sent ships over the Cyclades, to which he demanded a tribute, although they refused. This was taken advantage of by the enemies of this character in the city of Athens to discredit him, he ended up being overthrown and given power to Themistocles, who in the year 481 a. C. signed a treaty with Sparta for a fierce defense against an Achaemenid attack.

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Continuing with the summary of the Medical Wars of Greece we will focus on the reign of Xerxes, Persian king that he had managed in his early years to subdue rebellions in Egypt and Babylon.

In the year 480 a. C. after sending a series of emissaries to the different Hellenic states to submit to his power (more than one state accepted for fear of losing everything), sent his troops to attack, with Sparta and Athens being the only denied. It was in that year that the famous Battle of Thermopylae, where Leonidas, along with 300 Spartans and 1000 Hellenes, tried to stop Xerxes' troops for as long as possible.

The Persian troops at that time numbered about 250,000 men of which it is said that about 10,000 would perish in battle before achieving kill the Spartans and the Hellenes, since the topographic conditions of the area, prevented the use of the Persian cavalry, giving more advantage to the Spartans.

On getting past the Thermopylae pass, the Athenians were forced to seek refuge on the island of Salamina, where after deceiving the Persian king, they engaged in naval battle, completely ending the Persian fleet, since it had no coordination whatsoever.

The II medical war would end in the battle of Plataea, after the August 27, 479 BC C. where the Spartans and the Athenians achieved a great victory against the Persian army, also getting a great booty.

The end of the wars was decided at this stage in which the Persians, commanded by Astaxerxes I, tried again to take the Hellenic coasts by storm. But in 467 a. C. when they were going to take the boats again, they were attacked by the Athenians in the Eurimedon river, where he was defeated.

After that, Pericles would take control of the Athenian league and therefore the city, and in 448 BC. C. he signed a pact with the Persian king, the peace of calias, where the following points would be stipulated for the Persians:

• Give up your conquest of the Greek world
• Never sail the Aegean Sea again
• Trade with the Greek colonies of Asia Minor allowed

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