History of the DICTATORSHIPS in Argentina

The history of Argentina is marked by an enormous amount of dictatorships originated by continuous coups d'état due to the numerous economic, social and political crises that the American nation has suffered. The enormous number of authoritarian governments makes it necessary to talk about them to understand Argentine history, and therefore in this lesson from a PROFESSOR we offer you a summary of the history of dictatorships in Argentina.

Index

1. The dictatorship of José Félix Urbizu
2. Dictatorship of the Revolution of 43
3. Dictatorship of the Liberating Revolution
4. Dictatorship of 1962-63
5. Dictatorship of the Argentine Revolution
6. Dictatorship of the National Reorganization Process

We begin this review of the history of dictatorships in Argentina talking about the first of all: that of José Félix de Urbizu. The September 6, 1930 A group of soldiers led by Lieutenant General José Félix Urbizu gave a coup to then-President Hipólito Yrigoyen, thus being the

Through a government made up mostly of the military, Urbizu was president of the nation for two years, possessing in his figure all the powers of the state and began a period of repression against all groups that could confront his government, such as anarchists or communists.

Urbizu's disease and rejection of a large part of the Argentine social mass made the group of soldiers decide to call a false election, giving power to the conversationalists but continuing to command the military from the shadows in a kind of democracy false.

The Revolution of 43 It was a military coup produced on June 4, 1943 in which the Argentine military overthrew President Ramón Castillo. Between 1943 and 1949, Generals Arturo Rawson, Pedro Pablo Ramírez and Edelmiro Farrell succeeded one another in the government, being therefore all considered as dictators of the Argentine nation.

It should be taken into account that the revolution of '43 and subsequent dictatorships have a lot to do with a series of very relevant antecedents in the history of Argentina, such as the consequences of World War IIin the American region and for the so-called Infamous Decade in which illegitimate governments had been a constant in Argentina.

One of the most interesting elements of this dictatorship was the relevance of the trade union movements, being the beginning of the peronist movement how important it came to have for Argentine thought.

After a year of government democratically by Peron, the September 16, 1955 A group of soldiers overthrew the Argentine president, closing Congress, disqualifying the judges of the Supreme Court and expelling all the governors who did not think like them.

The presidents of the Argentine nation who served as dictators during this stage were Eduardo Lonardi and Pedro Eugenio Aramburu. During the mandate of both presidents the Constitution was eliminated in force at the time, returning to a previous one with different modifications that worked perfectly with the dictatorial form of government that the new rulers characterized.

A fact that exemplifies quite well the repression generated by this government is that it was also known as the Fusilier Revolution, due to the huge number of civilians and soldiers who were shot during the dictatorship years, and especially in the first months of the new government to avoid any confrontation against new revolutionaries.

To continue with this lesson on the history of dictatorships in Argentina, we must talk about one of the strangest coups in American history, being very short in time and featuring a civil.

The March 29, 1962 the only coup d'etat took place in Argentina led by a civilian instead of a military man, and he was appointed president Jose Maria Guido. Although it was the military who detained the president who was in office, it was the legislators and officials who made Guido occupy power, thus being a coup de civil status.

Guido's dictatorial government only had a duration of one year, with constant interventions by the military and with many political revolts due to the little real power it had. Although his resignation is said to have taken place when the other parties realized that it was a dictatorial government, the reality is that Guido's null support was the main reason.

The January 28, 1966 a coup d'état took place that sought to permanently position Argentina as a political dictatorship. This dictatorship remained between 1966 and 1973, Although the great instability of the stage caused a series of military coups during these so the head of state was changing depending on who had the power of the military.

Social movements and the appearance of guerrillas ended up leading the Argentine dictators to decide to call elections in 1973, being won by Perón followers and ending the harsh dictatorship suffered in Argentina.

The last dictatorship of the history of Argentina is the one that took place between the years 1976 and 1983, being a stage of the nation characterized by terrorism, by the murders and disappearances of hundreds of people.

After years of a critical situation in the nation, the most notorious case being the Malvinas War that brought death to many Argentines in a conflict in which the Argentine nation had little to gain. The military that ruled the region during these years finally surrendered and handed the government over to a constitutional and democratic government.

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• Tristán, E. R. (2007). Memories of the violence in Uruguay and Argentina: coups, dictatorships, exiles, 1973-2006. Univ Santiago de Compostela.
• Alonso, L. (2010). Defense of Human Rights in the face of regressive dictatorships: the cases of Argentina and Uruguay in comparative perspective.