Peace Treaties of World War I

Of all the treaties that take place as a result of war, the most important are the peace treaties, being those through which a war ends and that, therefore, bring the end of a series of deaths and catastrophes that change nations forever. To talk about these agreements of one of the most important wars in history, in this lesson from a PROFESSOR we must talk about the World War I peace treaties.

Index

1. Summary of World War I
2. Treaty of Versailles
3. Other World War I peace treaties

Before talking about the peace treaties, we must briefly talk about the First World Warl, to better understand this conflict so relevant in the history of humanity and understand why these peace treaties were so important for the history of the world.

The First World War or the Great War was a warlike conflict that took place between 1914 and 1918 and that it faced the major world powers at that time, being a war on such a large scale that it was the first to be named world. It is considered that it was a war between those nations with the most traditional governments and those with more reformist governments.

The war was the confrontation between two great alliances, being one the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire and the other the Triple Entente formed by France, the United Kingdom and the Russian Empire. We must bear in mind that although these were the most relevant nations, many others were part of the war, this being the reason why it is considered global.

The large number of important belligerent nations is one of the great reasons for the importance of peace treaties, since the signed in them was key for the subsequent years in Europe and also being the cause of some of the following wars on the continent European.

Of all the peace treaties of the First World War, undoubtedly the most relevant was the Treaty of Versailles, since it was the one that later had the greatest importance and in which a greater number of countries intervened.

The Treaty of Versailles was a agreement signed in 1919 in the French city of Versailles and in which up to 50 nations intervened, ending the confrontation between Germany and the Allies of the First World War.

Although a peace had already been signed months before, the reality is that the true peace agreement was this treaty, establishing many key elements to end the conflict, such as the tributes that Germany and the other Central Powers had to pay for its harm to the other countries. Among what was signed was the disarmament of the powers, the payment of reparations that countries took decades to pay and the transfer of territories to other nations.

It should be noted that the treaty was violated numerous times in subsequent years, the greatest example being that of Hitler who broke with everything he signed, since he considered that Germany had paid too much for the war. The problems caused in Germany and other nations by this treaty were very wide, being one of the main causes of the start of World War II and causing serious economic crises in many nations that ended up disappearing or changing.

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To continue this lesson on the peace treaties of World War I, we must list all those relevant treaties signed during or after the war but whose relevance was not as great as that of Versailles.

Bert-Litovsk Treaty

It was a peace treaty signed in the city of Bert-Litovsk in 1918 between Germany, Bulgaria, Russia, the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In the treaty, the new Soviet Russia renounced a large number of regions in favor of the Central Powers, being key for Germany to improve her strength in the western zone. It should be noted that with the end of the war this agreement ceased to have effect and most regions returned to Russia.

Armistice of November 11, 1918

It was a peace treaty signed in 1918 and that put end to the war between the Allies and Germany. Although in other treaties peace had already been signed between the Allies and other powers, it was not until this armistice that the war ended when Germany was defeated. Even with the signed treaty, there were some fronts on which the confrontations were maintained, which continued until the signing of Versailles.

Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye

It was a treaty signed in 1918 by the victors of World War I and Austria and was one of the treaties that more changed to Europe. In it the end of the Austrian Habsburg dynasty and the division of the Austro-Hungarian Empire took place, giving birth to the state of Austria.

Treaty of Neuilly

It was a peace treaty signed in 1919 by Bulgaria and the victorious nations of the First World War. The agreement affirmed the sovereignty of Yugoslavia, made up of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and Bulgaria was forced to reduce her army, to pay tribute to the victors and to lose regions in favor of Greece and Yugoslavia.

Treaty of Trianon

It was a peace treaty signed by Hungary and the victors of the Great War in which the hungarian nation it saw its formation as a new nation regulated after its separation from Austria, although it lost a large amount of population in regions compared to before the war.

Treaty of Sevres

It was a peace treaty signed between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies in 1920. Although this treaty was never ratified, it is important to talk about it as it is the peace treaty most united to the Ottomans after the war, setting limits on the division of the Ottoman Empire that would serve as a model for the later agreements of his separation.

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