Conquest of the Inca Empire

The discovery of America brought with it the emergence of a series of civilizations totally different from those known to Europeans. These from the beginning would leave the Castilians speechless due to the great complexity they had in their work, giving a glimpse of their high degree of evolution. In this lesson from a TEACHER we bring you a summary of the conquest of the Inca Empire at the hands of the Castilians who, using the same means as in the conquest of Mexico, would ally themselves with their enemies to make them fall quickly.

Index

1. The arrival of the Castilians in South America
2. The capture of Atahualpa
3. The rescue and death of Atahualpa
4. The end of the conquest of Peru

It is not possible to know exactly when the two civilizations first met, although it could more or less be said that between the year 1524-1526 there were the first contacts between some explorers, Castilian or Portuguese, with a series of tribes subjected to the Inca Empire and even fighting against the Incas to obtain some booty.

After the discovery of isthmus of Panama the true discovery of the south of the American continent was beginning because this, in addition to making possible navigation through the Pacific Ocean, gave the possibility of linking the sea with the lands from the south. One of the most important events within the scans carried out by Pizarro, It was the fact of the island of the cock, in which only thirteen men belonging to the expedition that he commanded continued the journey.

After this began the first news about the existence of an empire full of gold and silver, seeing the possibility that he had decided march to the peninsula and meet with the king to be granted the possibility of exploring, endowing him with an army, this is known like the capitulations of Toledo.

In the meantime Hernando Pizarro and Hernando de Soto the first relations with the natives began, causing some confrontations and with it the capture of the first places for the crown.

One of the most important events for the collapse of the Inca Empire is due to the fact that, like what happened in Mexico, the Incas had been subjecting many tribes that they did not hesitate to ally themselves with the Spaniards to end the yoke that had been imposed on them.

In this other lesson we will discover the causes and consequences of the discovery of America.

Image: History of Peru

Once lhe Castilian troops commanded by Francisco Pizarro arrived in Cajamarca, An embassy was sent to the emperor of Tahuantinsuyo, Atahualpa, so that the emperor could meet with them. In this way the message was conveyed to him who, making a list of the high degree of divinization of him, treated them like dogs, making them wait for a long period of time. He agreed to meet with the Castilians the next day; after leaving the Castilian procession, Atahualpa sent twenty thousand soldiers to surround Cajamarca.

The Castilian chronicles for the night of November 15, 1532 were not at all favorable for them since the Castilian army did not exceed 300 men, besides having hardly any firearms or dogs of war. All night long, Pizarro was devising a way to capture Atahualpa as Hernán Cortés did in Mexico. In this way he planned that Pedro de Candía would stand at the top of the fortress accompanied by two arquebuses and two trumpets, on the other On the other hand, he divided the cavalry into two factions and the infantry two others, giving Hernando de Soto and Hernando Pizarro control of these. The idea was that, at his signal, the two arquebuses would be fired, while the trumpets also sounded, in order to disconcert the Indians and during that moment, take the Inca prisoner.

The next day the Emperor of Tahuantinsuyo entered the central square of Cajamarca accompanied by some 7,000 soldiers. As soon as he entered, he appeared in the first instance a friar, Valverde, who gave the emperor a Bible. According to the chronicles, he threw her to the ground and later reproached the Spaniards for taking all the squares and valuables and that if he did not he would finish them off. It was at this time that the capture of the emperor began, according to the writings, the assault lasted about half an hour, time by which Some 2,200 people died due to the avalanches that were caused by leaving, in addition to the slaughter of the nobles who made the Castilians.

It seems that Pizarro himself received a knife in the hand to defend the Inca who was going to be killed by his men. After his capture he was imprisoned in a building called Amaru Huasi, in this way On November 16, 1532, the Inca Empire ended, because their emperor was under Castilian rule and, therefore, the tribes that were subject stopped fearing the Inca.

Continuing with our summary of the conquest of the Inca Empire we must say that, after the capture of the Atahualpa, the Castilians ran after the soldiers who had managed to escape from the city, killing anyone who they found. They also reached the Inca's camp, where they took all the loot they could.

Image: History and Biographies

Continuing with our summary on the conquest of the Inca Empire we must focus on a talk because he kept the Inca with the Spanish in which he urged Pizarro to free him in exchange for a booty. He promised the Extremaduran a room full of gold and silver as far as he could reach his hand in exchange for his liberation.

The Castilian quickly accepted the proposal and soon a large quantity of gold and silver began to enter Cajamarca, not being enough, The Inca allowed the Castilians to enter the temple of Pachacamac and the same capital, Cusco, to finish getting all the loot. This is how the Castilians did it, first of all, in the well-known temple of the sun they little do, because they barely got spoils, but nevertheless in the capital, they got great quantities.

During his confinement, the Inca was allowed to be surrounded by all kinds of luxuries, in addition to maintaining constant talks with Pizarro. In one of them the Castilian learned that Huáscar, the Inca's brother, was alive and imprisoned and urged him to bring him to Cajamarca; The Inca accepted, although alerted to Huáscar's hatred, he ordered to assassinate him before his arrival in the city.

After this and taking advantage of a period by which Hernando de Soto and Hernando Pizarro were outside the city, Francisco Pizarro proceeded to judge the Inca to get rid of him. According to the few chronicles that exist in this regard, the trial lasted one day and after this he was sentenced to die by burning, although in the end he was executed by means of garrote, because the prisoner, in order to preserve his body, converted to Christianity, the date of execution was July 26, 1533.

Although the north of the Empire was under the control of the Castilians and that the Inca's life had ended, There were still large Inca troops ready to disobey the Spanish. In this way, Francisco Pizarro began a march to Cusco, the capital, and thus put an end to all resistance.

To conclude with our summary of the conquest of the Inca Empire We must know that, throughout the march, the Castilians were sabotaged by the indigenous troops, which they were cutting off their roads so that they had to travel more distances and were running out of provisions. During the course of the march they were attacked on a couple of occasions, causing few casualties, as the indigenous people preferred to wage guerrilla warfare.

Shortly after his departure, Pizarro met with Manco Inca, who was another brother of Huáscar and therefore the Inca's family, with his help he would enter Cusco without problems. It is known that, after the conquest of the city, and its looting, they named Manco Inca, Inca, being designated as Manco II, although he was forced to be a vassal of the King of Spain.

After this, on March 23, 1534, he founded the Spanish city of Cusco. and after that he dedicated himself to pacifying the entire area of ​​the ancient Inca empire, which we can say that until The end of the 17th century was never completely pacified because from time to time some of the tribes.

Image: Slideshare

If you want to read more articles similar to Conquest of the Inca Empire - Summary, we recommend that you enter our category of Story.