Cubism: understand the details of the artistic movement

O Cubism was an avant-garde artistic movement that emerged in France between 1907 and 1914.

Ele marcou or circuit europeu, founding a new aesthetic, and has as great members just like Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Juan Gris, Fernand Léger, and writer Guillaume Apollinaire.

O Cubism was characterized by clamming an objectivism, moving to geometrize reality, abandoning the traditional representation of just one angle.

Divided into three phases (or Cezanean Cubism, or Analytical and or Synthetic), or group revolutionized art that has been produced até então.

Origin of the cubist movement

O initial frame of Cubism was a painting of quadro Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, idealized by Pablo Picasso in 1907.

In the cloth there are five prostitutes present from one edge of Avignon street in Barcelona. Their bodies are not all angular (as they are styled) and appear in a single plane, leaving more close to the viewer.

We also see cloth or use of African masks and a still life in the lower part of the frame (which would be a tribute to Paul Cézanne).

TO African art foi uma das inspirações for avant-garde cubist. Artists seek us in distant cultures for a “primitive” and incomum aesthetic, mixing elements.

Em relação ao quadro, or theoretician Allan de Botton states:

This work, apart from breaking as you give perspective, establishes something never before thought of in painting that would be multiplicity of points of view, process that can be seen or object simultaneously from the side, from the front and from coasts.

Além de Pablo Picasso, for important names Georges Braque and writer Guillaume Apollinaire. This last, or literary author of the group, once declared:

She is ignorant of the talents of all kinds that are manifested in the Salon d'Automne, eu sei que or cubism and or higher da French art.

Also, only illustrious names such as Juan Gris and Fernand Léger will join the movement years later.

Picasso was inspired by the hair artist Paul Cézanne (1839-1906), who painted many dinners ao ar livre e investiu in images paintings that carry a multiplicity of points of view, as this or case gives cloth Mont Sainte-Victoire Seen From Bellevue.

The movement led by Pablo Picasso tried to suppress sentimentality and present images from different angles (with multiple planes and perspectives).

O exercise has never been carried out as a precursor Paul Cézanne, considered or pai da modern art.

The investment of two artists was not the point of dismembering the forms and regrouping them later, an exercise used that was courageously raised in front of them.

Characteristics of cubism

Representation from multiples of angles

During or Cubism houve or abandonment of the representation of just one angle.

As artistic works become richer with absorption of more varied perspectives and geometric forms (mainly cubes and cylinders).

These multiple angles constituted a figure in three dimensions giving the feeling of having a kind of sculptural painting.

There is only one inclusion of different angles within the painting itself, as dinner happens to be seen from different angles.

We can see that aspect of the work Les Demoseilles D’Avignon. Note that a prominent part of the woman appears as she is from the front and, at the same time, from the coast, not being possible to clearly say what her position is.

Exploration of new materials

By using cuttings and collagens, the artists also give life to the creation of paintings-sculptures.

Assim, the artists, incompatible with art that have been raised até então, tinham as main objective to conceive a new form of art and, for isso, fizeram use of different materials for reach sensory effects not a spectator.

Na work of Picasso Carafe of Vinho Marc, Copo, Guitar and Jornal, from 1913, we see that the artist uses papéis and pieces of wages as creative elements.

Perspective

The artists of the group make up a series of exercises of geometry of reality, ideologically renouncing a single perspective. It happened to be frequent also among cubists to overlap planes

Another important characteristic was or fate of Cubist works intended to reach the maximum of piegas sentimentalism, clamming to the maximum an objectivism.

An example of the use of fragmented perspective on canvas Carafe and peixes (1910), by Georges Braque. Here the objects are presented in a fractional way, through multiple points of view.

The phases of cubism

O Cubism basically passed through three phases: o Cezanean, o Analytical and o Synthetic.

Cezanean Cubism (1907 to 1909)

In the first phase of the movement, or Cezanean, as I am referring to, I was deeply influenced by the work of the French painter Paul Cézanne (1839-1906).

Admired by those who lived to be called cubists, Paul Cézanne introduced fabrics with multiples points of view - this genre passed to be worked by Pablo Picasso (1881 - 1973) and his companions of vanguard.

The main themes explored nessa height foram a natureza-morta e a paisagem from uma relatively smooth geometry.

Either the desire for fragmentation was or the north that orients the painters in this phase of cubism, or the impulse was to produce works with multiple facets exploring different angles.

During this period, artists will invest no sense of simplifying form.

Look at fabric Fruteira with Pears, dating from that period:

Analytical Cubism (1909 to 1912)

Or analytical cubism, for the time being, will pass on to more intense fragmentation from a deep and radical study of new angles.

As works from that era were used as a fairly small number of cores, the artists who created basically used brown, gold and silver tones.

A palavra-chave dessa phase foi destruction: The painters intended to de-structure each element of the canvas, I decompose the images into fragments many times on overlays.

This is a period marked by a fairly explicit and intense geometrization. Ideally it was, through two multiples of angles, to offer a more particular view of the element that it was trying to represent.

Not analytical cubism, artists are radicalized so much that some works are difficult to identify, this is the case. Ma jolie, painted by Picasso, o pai do movimento, between 1911-1912.

Synthetic Cubism (1911)

Nessa third phase the artists will be included real life elements in painting such as, for example, pieces of embrulho paper, wall paper, cardboard, cardboard, parafuses, areia and cordas.

Day-to-day materials are incorporated into pieces causing a true aesthetic revolution. This innovation saw no sense to provoke new non-spectator sensations (fossem elas táteis ou visuais).

Depois da radicalização present na previous phase (or Analytical Cubism), artists not synthetic period to try to raise figures more reconciled with large public hair, trying to rematerialize representation. Houve an investment also no sense of turning to use a more varied range of colors.

Let me consider synthetic cubism as a fusion of two previous phases.

An example of a child from that time is the sculpture of a violão feito de cartolina by Picasso between 1912 and 1914.

Main cubist artists and their important works

Pablo Picasso (1881 - 1973)

Alongside Georges Braque, Picasso was the founder of the Cubist movement. Desirous of trying to found a new aesthetic, Pablo explored or studied shapes and created innovative fabrics.

Or a painter wanted to know that the work of art should represent what you olhos I will see much more of a breeding that explores the multiples of angles of certain element.

A career of Picasso was multifaceted and his works, very diverse, divided critical hairs in different phases.

Guernica (1937), by Pablo Picasso

To the most recognized work of cubism maybe it will be Guernica, painted by Pablo Picasso to represent the effects of the war in the city of Guernica on April 26, 1937.

The mural shows two German planes that bombard the Spanish city and face a record of the civil war that began in 1936. Or square of enormous dimensions is all black and white, composed from geometric shapes.

Picasso's career was multifaceted in his works, many diverse foram divided critical hairs in different phases. Take the opportunity to know so 13 essential works to understand Pablo Picasso.

Georges Braque (1882 - 1963)

At the time of painting and sculpture, Braque was a forerunner of a cubist group since he was introduced in 1906 in Salão Independent works of art with simple forms and primary cores, being the first two representatives of the Fauvism.

Braque was considered one of two founders of Cubism alongside Picasso, both ficaram fascinated by the Cézanne exhibition, exhibited in 1907, and began to work in harmony from then on.

Picasso and Braque worked together in 1914, after which it was only interrupted due to the First World War, where Braque was fought.

Or viaduto de estaque (1908), by Georges Braque

Nessa criação de Georges Braque we observe a bucolic and pastoral landscape made basically from two tons.

A fabric is marked by geometry, observe or delineate the telhado of the houses and the own viaduto. Thus, they seem to be the great protagonists in Or viaduto de estaque.

The images of the painting appear to be overlaid and are conceived in such a way as to enhance the different angles of the landscape. A creation is a typical exemplar of cubist aesthetics.

Juan Gris (1887 - 1927)

Juan Gris was not affiliated with the logo movement at the beginning, having been attached to the subject cubism in 1912.

In contrast to two companions, Juan has found it difficult to create elements that are very different from reality, it is difficult for you to identify them, keeping his composition more formal and rigid.

His greatest contribution to the group was the introduction of an innovative spatial vision.

Guitar diante do mar (1925), by Juan Gris

Em Guitar diante do mar we see geometric shapes in all fabric. Juan Gris was two exhibitors of cubism and he illustrates here a landscape that features real elements in front of him. painting (especially a piece of paper and a guitar) in front of the painting, dividing attention as horizon.

Fernand Léger (1881 - 1955)

He participated in Salão dos Independentes, exhibiting some of his innovative works, such as the fabric Nus na floresta. After participating in the event, he became acquainted with or with some friends as a cubist.

His work was interrupted in 1914 when he was summoned to participate in the battle during the First World War.

After returning to his daily life, he used a series of images and experiences or cumshots that he shared during or confronted.

Nus na floresta (1911), by Fernand Léger

As it is possible to observe this composition, Léger was especially famous for using curvilinear shapes, creating outlines that have never been experienced.

It was against the two founders of Cubism - Braque and Picasso - who investigated in straight forms.

Guillaume Apollinaire (1880 - 1918)

Writer and art critic, Guillaume Apollinaire helped to disseminate the movement from the beginning raising two cubist productions to major public events.

Contrary to Picasso and Braques who initially did not exhibit so much (both did not want to participate, for example, do Salão dos Independentes), Apollinaire escolheu carry two cubists to messages, backing up for the rest the world.

At the time, Guillaume was an art critic for important journals and magazines in Paris, such as L’Intransigeant, Le Temps and Les Jornal.

Foi ele que escreveu o first article about Picasso's work, praising his innovative production. Or material written by Guillaume Apollinaire on the group was compiled in book format and published in 1913 as title Les Peintres Cubistes.

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