2 types of MONERAS and their names

The types of Moneras are Gram positive and Gram negative., two types of bacteria that are part of our planet. In a Teacher we tell you.

On planet Earth there is an indefinite variety of living beings, some are more well known to us, since we can notice them with the naked eye, on the other hand, there are others (with those of us who live with each other on a daily basis) that are so tiny that we cannot perceive them due to their size microscopic. Living things can be classified according to their taxonomy into 5 kingdoms: Animal, Plant, Protista, Fungi or Fungus and Monera. In this lesson from a Teacher we are going to tell you about the different types of monkeys and their names, where we find these incredible microscopic beings.

This Monera kingdom is made up of the famous and well-known bacteria and cyanobacteria (also known as blue-green algae). These organisms are the most abundant living things of the planet. They are microorganisms formed for a single cell that is, unicellular, this cell is of the prokaryotic type: they lack a defined nucleus and membranous organs.

Generally, they have a cell wall and their size is a few micrometers. Some bacteria have flagella that allow their mobility and pili that allow them to adhere to different surfaces.

Let's see some of the cCharacteristics of the Kingdom Monera:

• Habitat. They are found in all environments, on land, as in water, air, or in other living beings. In extreme environments where no other living being can inhabit, in high temperatures or very saline or acidic environments.
• Breathing: They are capable of living without oxygen, being called aerobic or without oxygen, anaerobic.
• Nutrition: Some are capable of generating their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, calling themselves autotrophs, others must consume food from the environment, calling themselves heterotrophs.
• Morphology: Bacteria can be seen under a microscope, but when they are grouped together to form colonies they are visible to the human eye. If observed under a microscope, they can have three types of defined shapes: spherical (cocci), elongated (bacilli) and curved, within the curved are the helices or spirals (spirilla) and the rods or commas (vibrios). All these in turn can be grouped in different ways.
• Reproduction: They reproduce in a way asexual, by binary fission very quickly, which consists of DNA duplication and cell division. This generates two daughter cells identical to each other, that is, twins, thanks to a process called conjugation, they have the ability to generate genetic variability. Thanks to this process, they can mutate, generating resistance to different factors, such as certain antimicrobials such as antibiotics.

Previously, the archaebacteria were classified together with the eubacteria in the same domain, with time and time. In advance of the studies, these groups were separated into two different domains, since they do not have the same branch evolutionary. Archaebacteria are considered the oldest or most primitive bacteria. that exist and are only found in extreme environments. Archaebacteria are not usually pathogenic or make living things sick.

True bacteria are known as Eubacteria. and can be divided into 2 large groups. This classification arises from the color that the bacteria acquire through laboratory staining. This test is called a Gram stain, it is performed through a stain. Bacteria that turn a blue or purple color are Gram positive, those that stain reddish or pink are Gram negative. Here we leave you the 2 types of moneras so that you can get to know them better.

gram positive

The cell wall of these bacteria is thick and rigid. It is made up of peptidoglycan, this gives it the ability to absorb color and retain it, turning a more intense color. It also makes them more resistant. Many of these bacteria are capable of forming endospores when environmental conditions are not favorable for their development.

gram negative

These bacteria have two cell membranes., the outermost membrane is known as the capsule and in the middle a thin cell wall. They do not have the ability to retain the dye, which is why they tend to have a color that turns pink. The outer membrane is not sensitive to penicillin, which means that penicillin-based antibiotics this substance does not alter them, it also has endotoxins, which causes toxicity during infections.

Within the Gram-negatives we find a particular group, the well-known cyanobacteria.

Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, they belong to very primitive microorganisms, they are characterized by having chlorophyll, and that is why they They are autotrophic, they produce their food through photosynthesis, that is, they are capable of generating oxygen. They are found mainly in aquatic environments, fresh and salt water, among others.

Due to climate change generated by man's action, the temperatures of the different water sources rise, sometimes causing a phenomenon known as “blooming”, where the natural development of these microorganisms is affected. This produces as a consequence an overpopulation of cyanobacteria, generating a great problem of public health, since large amounts of toxins are released that cause poisoning in beings humans.

Cargas-Flores T., Kuno-Vargas A. (2014). "Bacterial Morphology". Clinical update journal. e-uaem. Multimodal Training Space.