2 types of NUTRITION of the kingdom Monera: heterotrophic and autotrophic

In a Teacher we are going to develop on the different types of nutrition from kingdom monera, which includes the famous bacteria and cyanobacteria (also called blue-green algae). Nutrition in this realm is very diverse and broad and varies according to your ability to obtain and use the nutrients. nutrients, this allowed them to adapt and survive in an endless number of environments, from the simplest to the most extremes.

These microorganisms, like any living being, need a source of carbon to be able to live; this source of carbon can be produced by them. themselves through inorganic carbon, calling themselves autotrophs, or using sources of organic carbon from the environment in which they live, calling themselves heterotrophs.

The term heterotrophic applies to organisms that are not capable of producing their own food, They feed on organic matter or other living things.

• parasites: that is, they live depending on other organisms, feeding on them, causing harm. An example of this type of nutrition are the bacteria that cause diseases, examples of these are Escherichia coli, Salmonella, among others.
• saprophytes: is the diet based on decomposing organic matter, as a carbon source. First, an external digestion is carried out, that is, they release enzymes to the outside and then, once these nutrients are free, they are absorbed. Some of the most common examples of decomposing organic matter are corpses, droppings, leaf litter, among others. The microorganisms that make up this group are essential in food chains and in the carbon cycle.
• symbiotic: are microorganisms that coexist with other living beings, thus generating mutual benefit. For example, the bacteria that make up the gastrointestinal flora of a cow generate acids as a residue of its metabolism, which are important for the animal's nutrition.
• diners: They are bacteria that are associated with another living being, but without generating harm or benefit to the host.

Here is a review of the characteristics of the kingdom monera.

The autotrophic It is another of the types of nutrition of the Monera kingdom. The organisms that make up this group are characterized by being capable of producing their own food from inorganic sources, They do not depend on organic components or other living beings. This type of nutrition is also presented by plants and algae.

This process is carried out through a process called photosynthesis either chemosynthesis. In photosynthesis the energy used is from light, while in chemosynthesis the energy used is from chemical reactions.

• Photosynthesis: in this group are bacteria that have the ability to use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates or sugars, that is, they convert inorganic substances into organic. These bacteria play a crucial role in carbon fixation. Photosynthesis in cyanobacteria is similar to the process that occurs in plants, they also use pigments, such as chlorophyll, to fix sunlight. Another example is the green sulfur bacteria, the difference is that the former need oxygen for the photosynthesis process, while the blue-green bacteria do not.
• chemosynthesis: the bacteria that make up this group have the ability to generate organic compounds from energy produced by the oxidation of inorganic compounds, that is, they use the energy produced in various reactions chemicals. These bacteria, for example, use hydrogen sulfide or ammonia as a source of energy. The bacteria that have this capacity generated this adaptation, since they live in places where there is no sunlight, for example in the depths of the oceans. Examples are sulfur bacteria, found in sewage and marine hydrothermal vents, and nitrifying bacteria, found in soil and water. The latter are within the group of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, they convert the nitrogen found in air into nitrate, essential for plant life and to keep nitrogen levels stable atmospheric. This group plays an important role in the production of organic matter and in biogeochemical cycles.

Nutrition in the Monera kingdom is very diverse and extensive, from bacteria that have the ability to produce their own food in the presence or absence of light or bacteria that lack this ability and depend on other living beings for their survival. This allows them to adapt to a wide variety of environments and that is why they occupy all the habitats on planet Earth.

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Negroni M. (2009). “Stomatological microbiology. Fundamentals and practical guide.” 2nd edition. Panamerican Medical Editorial.