Igreja de Santa Maria del Fiore, Florença: analysis and history

The Church of Santa Maria del Fiore, also known as the Cathedral of Florença, began to be erected in 1296. O tempo é um dos maiores do Cristimonio.

Sumptuous, many researchers and historians considered the Cathedral protected by Arnolfo di Cambio (1245-1301 / 10) as the first symbol of Renaissance architecture.

Two elements that most require attention to the work and the presence of the impressive and innovative Duomo, authored by Filippo Brunelleschi (Florença, 1377-1446).

The works of the Cathedral - which is also the seat of the Archdiocese of Florença - lasted for many years after the construction and considered one of two great Monuments of Italy.

History of the monument

A construction of the Igreja began in 1296 - the first stone of the facade was founded on September 8, 1296.

Or project used sublinhava to cultural and economic importance of Florença no context not only Italian as also European. Na epoch, the city lived a period of economic plenitude Mainly due to the trade of silk and lã.

O initial project of Igreja foi feito pelo Italian architect Arnolfo di Cambio. Or breeder, who was born in 1245 and died between 1301 and 1310 - we do not know the exact date -, was a lover of the Gothic style and introduced to his work a series of elements of that style. Or architect trabalhou na Catedral between 1296 and 1302.

As Arnolfo died, the works were interrupted, having only been resumed in 1331.

Um pouco on Arnolfo di Cambio

O Italian architect and artist working at the beginning of his career especially in Rome, I added that, em 1296, Arnolfo moved to Florença to start his most important project: a Catedral da city.

Besides being responsible for the majestic Igreja, Arnolfo also assisted the sculptures of the facade (which now are not Museu do Duomo), or Palazzo Vecchio (Palazzo della Signoria), to Igreja de Santa Croce and or choir of Abadia Beneditina.

O nome by Arnolfo di Cambio is therefore essential for city architecture.

Or Cathedral style

To Igreja de Santa Maria del Fiore é uma das maiores gothic works of the world.

Despite being marked by Gothic style hair, the Cathedral has a series of influences from other styles that portray historical periods like Igreja passou.

O campanário da Igreja

A second important name was Giotto, who in 1334 was appointed master of two jobs and from the beginning of the creation of the church bell.

Not so, three years ago he started or worked, or master failed. As works continue with Andrea Pisano (até 1348) and it was burned by Francesco Talenti, who from 1349 to 1359 and managed to complete the tower of the Sino.

It is worth noting that during the arrival of Pisano to the region, it was violently Black Death, which ended up reducing the population to the target population (of 90,000 inhabitants, only 45,000 remained).

O Campanário allows a panoramic view of Florença to overcome its 414 degrees (85 meters high).

To facade

Destroyed at the end of the 16th century, the facade of the church was redone by Emilio de Fabris (1808-1883).

No new design has been incorporated with marbles of more varied colors.

The facade was erected between 1871 and 1884 and tried to imitate the Florentine style of the fourteenth century.

Why is Igreja called Santa Maria del Fiore?

OR lrio is considered or symbol of FlorençaFor this reason, he was chosen to beat the city cathedral.

Such a flower is very important for the Florentine culture because it is found in large quantities of plantations in the region.

Location and dimensions

Located not in the heart of Florença, in the Tuscany region, in Italy, the Church of Santa Maria del Fiore is embedded in the Praça do Duomo.

A Cathedral has 153 meters of compression, 43 of length and 90 of transept. Internally, at the height of the dome, 100 meters.

When it had just been built, I do not know XV, Igreja was a major of Europe and has the capacity to shelter 30,000 fiis. At the moment it loses in terms of some size for two other churches, são elas: the Basilica of São Pedro (Vatican) and the Cathedral of São Paulo (London).

A Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore

In 1418, the Italian authorities show their concern as a buraco that they have not had a bad day, allowing the entry of the sun and the rain. When the works of the Igreja are closed, there is no construction solution for that which, for this reason, remains covered.

The building was softened as intempéries and, having consequences for the construction, the politicians of the time launched a public contest to discover suggestions for projects for the cupola.

Or I wanted to build the best dome in the world, but no one appeared that seemed technically equipped to carry out the work.

The winner would receive 200 florins de ouro and the possibility of posthumous inclusion of his name in the work.

Or the project was extremely difficult due to the years of construction challenges. All the options that seemed to exist were extremely expensive and ended up becoming invalid. However, several architects celebrated during the period with the award year.

Filippo Brunelleschi, an ourives born in Florença, created an extremely innovative project that does not need an expensive and complex structure.

His idea was to build two domes, one inside the other. The internal dome would have a base with two meters of thickness and a top of 1.5 meters. The second dome was less thick and was intended to protect the construction, especially from chuva, sun and wind. The two domes must be connected by an escada, which I have found open for visits.

Despite not having been defeated, the contest (which was locked away in a victorious state), or Brunelleschi's extremely original project, aroused the attention of the authorities.

Brunelleschi traced many knowledge from the universe of our lives and passed some time in Rome, before the competition, studying the structure of ancient monuments.

O ourives começou os trabalhos no monument in 1420 as the title of director of the dome project (in Italian known as provveditore).

Lorenzo Ghiberti, also ourives, Brunelleschi's professional colleague and his greatest rival, was appointed deputy director and responsible for controlling the work.

A construção has several problems during its progress, pray to Lenda that especially due to the complicated personality of Filippo Brunelleschi.

The dome was just built in the year 1436.

Curiosities about or monument

A sight of the monument

Quem desires chegar attached to varanda do miradouro needs to win a rise enter me that counted 463 degraus.

Ao visit the top, or visitor can enjoy a panoramic view over Florença.

A rivalry between Brunelleschi and Ghiberti

It is said that the author of the work of the cupola initially appeared as a fixed ego because he and Ghiberti received exactly the same annual salary - 36 florins - same was Brunelleschi or sole author of ideia.

Some time of progress in construction to injustice was corrected: Brunelleschi earned a huge increase (100 florins a year) and Ghiberti continued to receive the same value.

To Brunelleschi's crypt

Few people know, more or the idealizer of the dome, Filippo Brunelleschi, is buried in a crypt located in the Cathedral, with a face turned to the dome that he ordered.

O ourives died on June 5, 1446 and he was buried as a plaque of honor, a rare fate and a sign of his recognition of him because this type of ritual was reserved for architects.

Conheça also

• Byzantine Art
• Brasilia Cathedral
• Taj Mahal
• The most impressive pictures of Hieronymus Bosch
• Leonardo da Vinci: fundamental works
• The most impressive Gothic monuments of the world