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Discover the different musical FORMS of CLASSICISM

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Musical forms of classicism

When we want to better understand something, it is very useful for us to learn to find its characteristics and components, since it is these details that give us the clues and the reasons for being of what we are studying. Analyzing the elements as individual factors is a way of noticing the key elements that give shape to something and this is how we can recognize it and define it to understand it.

In this lesson from a TEACHER we will talk about musical forms of classicism and we will understand more about the different expressions in the works this time in the history of music.

The musical form are the feature set That allow us define a work within a category, thanks to musical elements derived from certain tendencies that we can recognize through history, influenced by the context. These elements are related to gender and technical factors of speed, meter, harmony, instrumentation, motifs, parts of the composition and organization of them, etc.

We identify a musical form thanks to its specific set of characteristics that allow us to differentiate it from other forms.

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Classicism is considered to have taken place approximately between the years 1750 and 1820 having Vienna as the most powerful diffusion center, then Paris, Berlin and Mannheim.

The music of classicism is characterized by being transparent, clear in cadences, symmetrical and solid in tonality. In contrast to the earlier period of the Baroque style, Classicism He sought naturalness and rejected excesses. It is at this time that the classic models par excellence of forms such as the symphony and the sonata are established. Here we discover the main composers of musical classicism.

Regarding the social context, we can say that in earlier times music was an art considered a Cultured heritage managed mainly by the aristocracy, but at this time, it happens to be spread mostly by the public of the bourgeoisie, increasing the reach of music to the general public and internationally.

Musical forms of classicism - Characteristics of musical classicism and context

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We are going to discover you and what are the main musical forms of classicism so that you know all the forms that were practiced within this musical trend.

Concert

The concert is one of the most prominent classical musical forms. Is a composition for various instruments, but with the idea of ​​highlighting a specific soloist or soloists. Concerts have parts where the instruments play dynamically but also moments where the main instrument has the opportunity to show its virtuosity or color characteristic. Sometimes a space was even left open to improvisation. Example: Mozart Violin Concerto No.3.

Sonata

Another of the musical forms of classicism is the sonata, which was perhaps the most widespread form during the time. It was meant to be played by a soloist or a duet (melodic instrument and piano) with a structure determined by four movements based on a main theme. This structure consists of the presentation, exposition, development and recapitulation (sometimes coda) of said topic. Example: Piano Sonata in C minor Hob. XVI / 20, L33 by Franz Joseph Haydn.

Serenade, fun

It is a musical form with the original purpose of entertainment and entertainment in evenings and social events, generally composed to be performed at nightfall. It is composed for small instrumental groups, small orchestras of strings, winds, mixed or chamber ensembles. The number of movements can vary, for example Mozart, composed serenades of up to 13 movements. Example: Serenade No.13 for Strings - Eine Kleine Nachtmusic by Mozart.

Symphony

Composed for perform with full orchestra (symphonic Orchestra), is perhaps one of the greatest forms of classical music. It is made up of four movements that seek a dynamic curve in variety and development. Their movements may vary slightly between symphonies, an example of this structure may be: sonata, slow or lyrical movement (like lied), scherzo or minuet and finally, rondo. The symphony seeks excellence in exposing melody, textures and dynamics in the combination of its instruments. Example: Sturm und Drang Symphonies by Franz Joseph Haydn.

Trio, quartet and quintet

They are works conceived to be performed by three, four or five musicians respectively, with different instruments and parts. Some formations were established par excellence, such as the string quartet (violin, viola, cello and double bass) or the wind quintet (flute, oboe, clarinet, horn and bassoon). Example: Quartets Op. 8 by Luigi Boccherini.

Opera

Opera is another of the musical forms of classicism. It's a vocal form genre, theatrical with harmonized stage action, singing and instrumental accompaniment. It is based on a plot and base story that follows a script with a wide dramatic sense. Example: Don Giovanni by Mozart.

Religious music

Since the other musical genres became more popular at this time, lReligious music found itself in decline. However, there were compositions dedicated to religion or at least of a religious nature. An example of this form is the Requiem, which is a type of funeral mass. Perhaps the best known is Mozart's Requiem, who composed this work in his shortly before he died, even without being able to finish it. Example: Mozart's Requiem.

In addition to enjoying the musical variety that the art form can offer us, it also gives us the opportunity to understand the purposes and motivations of its composers and the relationship they had with their original context. After all, this is a deeper way of understanding music.

Musical forms of classicism - Musical forms of classicism

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