Chilean dictatorship: short summary
In 1973 a coup d'état took place in Chile that would change the history of the South American country forever. As a result of this military action, the Pinochet dictatorship, a military regime that would last until 1990, and that was marked by the large number of human rights violations that took place. Due to the importance of this event for the history of Chile, in this lesson from a PROFESSOR we are going to talk about offering you a short summary of the Chilean dictatorship.
Index
- Causes of the coup
- The years of the dictatorship
- End of the Chilean dictatorship
Causes of the coup.
We begin this short summary of the Chilean Dictatorship by talking about the origin of this situation. The beginning of the dictatorship was marked by the 1973 coupBut what are the causes that led to this military movement?
One of the causes that led to the coup was the Cold War. This conflict between the USSR and the United States, had influence in the vast majority of states throughout the twentieth century. The government of Salvador Allende, president of Chile at the time of the coup, had a few
ideals closer to those of the USSR, and therefore it was considered a problem for the interests of the United States. The North American country wanted to prevent the advance of socialism in Latin America, and because of that he intervened in the Chilean country to support Pinochet in his coup d'état.Regarding internal causes, it is worth mentioning that Chile was in deep economic and social crisis, due in part to some reforms carried out by Salvador Allende, which had not fulfilled the objective set by the Chilean leader.
These causes, among others, caused a coup d'état against the government of Salvador Allende on September 11, 1973, and the Pinochet dictatorship began.
The years of the dictatorship.
To continue with this short summary lesson of the dictatorship in Chile we must talk about the years of the Pinochet dictatorship and the different reforms that the Chilean governor carried out during this time.
The Pinochet dictatorship took place between 1973 and 1990. During this time many of the democratic elements were broken, and continuous human rights violations, such as torture and political prison. During this time, numerous reforms, both political and economic, were carried out to defend the dictatorial system of Pinochet.
Some of the measures that were taken were political and their intention was to end the democracy of the Chilean state. For this I concentrated all the power of the state in the Governing Board, centralizing all power in this institution. To defend the dictatorship, security organizations were created, for example the DINA, which was the secret police of the Pinochet military regime. Other political measures were the suppression of political parties and anti-communist measures.
Another important factor in the Pinochet dictatorship was social measures. An unbalanced dominance of the business sectors began, a increased economic inequalities between the different classes, and an increase in unemployment and job instability.
This is accompanied by a "Cultural blackout", characterized by repression of cultural manifestations that were against the tradition or the ideals of the government. The dictatorship also brought with it a great exile of Chilean citizens, thousands of them being exiled throughout the entire Pinochet dictatorship.
The last reforms of the regime were the economic. Chile went from being a producer country to a subsidiary one, focusing on the models of the new liberalism that had gained relevance throughout the 1970s.
Image: Slideplayer
End of the Chilean dictatorship.
In 1988, one of the most important decisions in the history of Chile took place, the vote that led to the end of the Pinochet dictatorship. by means of a plebiscite.
After several violent attempts to overthrow the military regime, the opposition decided to take a democratic path to bring down the Pinochet government. This is due to the fact that there was a great social mass that was against the measures that the Chilean government had carried out during the years of dictatorship.
The origin of the plebiscite can be found in the 1980 Constitution of Chile. In it it was said that the Pinochet government would last eight more years, and once this time had passed, would hold a vote for the people to decide whether Pinochet should stay in power or not.
In 1988 the plebiscite was held, with citizens having the option of voting "Yes" and keeping Pinochet, or voting "No" and electing a new president. The most voted option was to change the president, with which the Pinochet government had to come to an end. The military regime continued until 1990, when a new president was elected and the Pinochet dictatorship ended.
Image: The nation
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