Parties that ruled in the Second Spanish Republic

Image: II Republic and Spanish Civil War

The political panorama that occurred during the period of Second Spanish Republic It was excessively complex due to the multiplication of political parties that existed as well as unions that were produced generally by a desire for distinction. The consideration that the Cortes had at this time was very important since, despite the many parties that existed, none had a sufficient majority to govern alone, so coalitions between they. Next in this lesson from a TEACHER we will focus on the main parties that ruled in the Second Spanish Republic.

From left The parties that meet the following particularities could be considered:

• Accession as a political form
• The aspiration to obtain great social transformations
• Opposition to the old institutions such as, for example, the rejection of education in the hands of religious orders or the participation of the army in political life among others
• The acceptance of all those regions that would like to have their right of autonomy with the creation of their statutes

As for the right-wing parties they are distinguished by being clearly antagonistic to the previous ones. These vindicated the value of the ancient institutions of both the Church and the army for the safeguarding of the traditional values and they also repudiated any transmission of power from the central government to the regional corporations.

Throughout the republican period we will see how the first phase was characterized by the predominance of leftists that raised great economic and social transformations although many of them could not be carried out.

The second phase of right-wing government neither did the economic and political programs take place. The third stage was characterized by a confrontation between the two that finally gave victory to the left parties, whose coalition was known as the Popular Front.

In this other lesson from a TEACHER we discover a summary of the Second Spanish Republic.

We begin by talking about the left-wing parties that ruled in the Second Spanish Republic. There were two political parties that stood out at the state level:

• Radical Socialists receiving electoral support from the middle classes and intellectuals
• Republican Action leadered by Manuel Azana, the soul of this Second Spanish Republic

Both parties merged and resulted in the Republican Left.

However, the strongest and most structured party was the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE), founded by Pablo Iglesias. Its strength increased in a great way during the republic.

Within this there were two currents, one in favor of prolonging the revolutionary reforms led by Julián Besteiro and another more subversive led by Largo Caballero, secretary general of the labor union General Union of Workers (UGT) that together National Confederation of Labor (CNT) were the most important in the republic.

Another of the parties was the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) that grew rapidly among the peasant and labor movement, among some of its leaders we highlight Dolores Ibárruri, la Pasionaria.

Now we are going to discover the right-wing parties that ruled in the Second Spanish Republic. There were some republican formations that were described as center-right that, like all parties, contributed to the advent of the republic.

Its about Radical Republican Party, led by Alejandro Lerroux whose ideology was based mainly on stopping any excessive socioeconomic reform and the party of the Liberal Republican Right that defended a very moderate republic far from any innovative reform. Some of its most prominent leaders was Niceto Alcalá Zamora.

The great party of the right was the Spanish Confederation of Autonomous Rights (CEDA) captained by Jose Maria Gil RoblesThis defended, among other things, the traditional weight of the Church and the army, the opposition to the agrarian reform that threatened the capitalist system as well as the interests of the owners.

Another of the parties that governed the Second Spanish Republic and that has the same objectives as the previous one but with a more adverse attitude was the Spanish Renovation party led by Jose Calvo Sotelo that he believed that a coup was necessary to end the Republic, an authoritarian policy that bordered on fascism.

Finally, name two small parties of a fascist and nationalist court also present during this political regime, they are the National Union Offensive Boards (JONS) that was created in 1931 and later merged with the Spanish Phalange founded in 1933 by Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera. This presented a totally anti-democratic, revolutionary ideology and although politically it was a group minority was very present in the streets as they organized in groups to confront the militants leftists.

Within the parties that ruled in the Second Spanish Republic we also have to discover those of a nationalist nature. These are political parties that acted within their territorial scope.

In this case we find the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) a nationalist and Christian Democratic party whose most prominent leader was José Antonio Aguirre, who in 1936 became the first Lehendakari of the Basque government.

In Catalonia we find the Republican Esquerra de Catalunya, a nationalist and leftist and radical party that acted in the political sphere of all Catalonia and whose leaders were Francesc Macià and Lluis Companys, both were presidents of the Generalitat.

In this other lesson from a TEACHER we will discover the achievements of the Second Spanish Republic so that you understand everything that was achieved in this period.

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