CAUSES and CONSEQUENCES of the most important crusades

One of the most important events of the medieval history it was the crusades, being events of great relevance for being a confrontation between the two main existing religions, the Christian and the Muslim to take key regions for the history of both beliefs. To know the reasons and consequences of these confrontations, in this lesson from a teacher we must talk about causes and consequences of the crusades.

Index

1. Causes and consequences of the first crusade
2. Causes and consequences of the second crusade
3. Causes and consequences of the third crusade
4. Causes and consequences of the fourth crusade

The existence of up to 9 crusades makes it impossible to talk about total causes and consequences for all of them, so we must talk about the causes and consequences of the crusades more important.

The first crusade took place between 1096 and 1099 in the Middle East and set a precedent that caused centuries of

The cause main of the first crusade was the Council of Clermont, where Pope Urban II, who had received the help of the Byzantines facing the Muslim Turks, asked Christianity for the Holy War to defeat the Muslim enemy. The Holy German Empire and the Kingdom of France joined the Byzantines in the holy war to reclaim Jerusalem from the hands of the Seljuk Empire.

The other great cause of the first crusade were the iInterests of Byzantines and Christians in recovering the area of ​​Anatolia and the Mediterranean Levant from Muslim hands, and especially recovering such an important place for any Catholic as they were Jerusalem.

Consequences of the first crusade

Regarding the consequences the main ones that the first crusade had were:

• The separation of the Seljuk Empire by defeats in the crusade
• The rise of the pope's power as the center of Christianity
• The recovery by Byzantium of some regions of the ancient Roman Empire
• The recovery of international trade
• The formation of the Latin States of the East, among which we find Antioquia, Tripoli and Jerusalem.

The second crusade took place at the same time in the Middle East, the Iberian Peninsula and Egypt between the years 1144 and 1148 and, unlike the first, it was a great victory for the Muslim troops. Even with its implementation on three fronts, the reality is that the most important point was in the Eastern zone.

The main cause the beginning of the crusade was the Muslim takeover by Edessa, being the first area that the Christians had taken in the first crusade. Summoned by Pope Eugene III, it had more help than the first crusade, but the leaders are still the French, Germans and Byzantines.

On the other hand, other crusaders such as the English or Flemish helped liberate cities from Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula.

Consequences of the second crusade

The Muslim victory in the East and Christian in the Peninsula had a series of consequences key:

• Hispanic areas such as Lisbon, Tarragona and Almería were conquered.
• Jerusalem and other regions were defeated and passed into Muslim hands.
• The Almoravids fell and power passed to the Almohads.
• Relations between Byzantium and the Turks were improved, causing great tension in the Christian and Byzantine peoples.

The third crusade It is known as the Crusade of the kings and, for many, it is the most important of all the crusades, taking place between the years 1187 and 1191. The main confrontation in the third crusade was the one that took place between the Saracen leader Saladino and the kings Europeans who sought to liberate the Holy Land, some of them being Richard I the Lionheart King of England and Philip II of France.

Among the main Causes we found the formation of a Muslim state powerful when Saladino managed to unite the Egyptians and Syrians in a single side, taking numerous regions of the Holy Land. This caused the English and French to put aside their differences and come together to recover the Holy Land, at the request of the Pope and with the help of the Templars.

Consequences of the third crusade

After years of fighting without either of us achieving victory, an agreement was reached that partly benefited both sides. The consequences of this pact were that Jerusalem was still under Muslim hands, but Christians could visit it.

On the other hand, the crusaders took a large part of the areas of the Levant, establishing an important position in Cyprus.

To finish this lesson on causes and consequences of the crusades, we must talk about the main causes and consequences of the crusades. fourth crusade, being the last of the important crusades and therefore the last of which it is worth understanding the reasons for its beginning and the important results it brought.

Much of Christendom was unhappy after the Third Crusade, seeing the failure to take Jerusalem as a great failure. For this reason, a few years later the fourth crusade took place, between the years 1198 and 1204.

Although at first the idea of ​​the crusaders was to conquer Jerusalem from Muslim hands, their objective changed at the beginning of the crusade, turning their eyes towards the Byzantine Constantinople. The Byzantines had been allies of the Christians at the beginning of the crusades, but little by little they had changed your thoughts and helped Muslims on numerous occasions by causing great conflicts between the Byzantine Empire and the Holy German Empire.

At this point the King of France, the Germanic Emperor, and the Republic of Venice they started the fourth crusade to face Byzantium.

Consequences of the fourth crusade

The conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders brought great consequences for Europe, the first of which was the end of the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium.

From the remains of him the one known as Latin Empire, being part for Venice and other areas for the rest of the crusaders. Some remains were kept away from folded hands, such as Epirus or Nicaea.

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2. Michaud, M. (1855). History of the crusades. Spanish bookstore.
3. Riley-Smith, J. (2012). What were the crusades?. Cliff.