What is literary CREATIONISM characteristics, authors and examples
One of the literary currents that emerged in the era of the avant-garde was the literary creationism, a movement that emerged in Latin America and whose main exponent was Vicente Huidobro. This new artistic vision bet that the artist reached a maximum and total creative autonomy, a search that was influenced by other currents of the moment such as Surrealism or Futurism. In this lesson from a TEACHER we are going to discover you what is literary creationism, its characteristics, authors and examples of this groundbreaking movement that was committed to freedom and the emancipation of the working class. We will tell you!
We will start by describing what literary creationism is so that, in this way, you will better understand the definition of this current of the avant-garde literature. Literary creationism was a Hispano-American movement that emerged in the early twentieth century from the hand of Vicente Huidobro, Chilean poet who is considered the father of this aesthetic.
Creationism sought
create a new world through literature and, for this, poets created new images, as well as neologisms to describe that other reality that was created under his pen. In this sense, the poets were considered as gods that they could create new realities. They were very skilled in the use of literary resources like metaphors, which allowed them to create new images of their own world.The basis of literary creationism focuses on considering that poetry is a unique and independent artistic manifestation, therefore, autonomous from others literary genres and regulations. This will is influenced by the avant-garde, a current that he sought the absolute freedom of the poet looking for other forms of expression that would break with the molds and the classic norms.
Huidobro, even though he was Chilean, resided in paris when he baptized literary creationism; For this reason, his influence on Spanish literature was immediate and left his mark on authors such as Juan Larrea, Diego Cendoya and other European avant-garde creators, especially French.
Origin of creationism
Huidobro published the bases of literary creationism in the magazine North-South from France in 1917. In an article signed by Huidobro and Reverdy, these bases were established that defended the creative freedom of the artist who was considered a God.
We are now going to talk about the characteristics of literary creationism so that you can better understand what this avant-garde movement consisted of. Unlike other avant-garde currents, creationism gave absolute freedom to poetic creation and left reason in the background. But, like the vast majority of "isms", creationism also focused on showing the subjective point of view of the artist and his inner world.
The outstanding characteristics of literary creationism are as follows:
- Independence of the poet. Literary creationism advocates maximum creative freedom on the part of the artist, who does not have to follow norms or trends imposed by society.
- Artist as creator. The artist does not have to follow the rules of the past because he is a creator, like a God. Therefore, he has the absolute freedom to be able to create the worlds that he wishes using elements such as rhetorical figures, creating new words, etc.
- Create new worlds. The goal of literary creationism was the creation of new worlds, reflecting the inner world that the poet had and that was unique and inimitable. As Huidobro said "(A poet had to) make a poem like nature makes a tree."
- Linguistic freedom. The insistence on achieving maximum freedom is also found in the field of linguistics, since creationist authors freely used language and incorporated new words, visuals, etc. They chased the lexicon renewal to create new words that would define a new world.
- Rejection of reality. Another characteristic of literary creationism is that they did not want to create poetry to imitate reality, but to create a new one. External freedom did not interest them at all, what they were interested in was reflecting their inner world to the outside.
- Use of different languages. Many of the creationist poets were bilingual and their linguistic reality was also reflected in their poems in which different languages were mixed. Something that also reflected his world in a unique and personal way.
- IInfluences of Dadaism and Ultraism. The artistic vanguards they had a lot of influence on each other because they all sought to find a new aesthetic for the new world. But in literary creationism, it was the Dadaism and ultraism, the two tendencies that most influenced, by betting on irrational structures and with a meaning that only the author could give it.
We finish this review talking about the authors of literary creationism to know the main poets of this current. As we have already commented, this current was created by the Chilean poet Huidobro, but its influence marked other European and Latin American artists. Here we leave you a list with the most prominent names of creationism in literature for you to know.
Vicente Huidobro
The father of creationism and the most important name on this list. He was a Chilean poet who, together with Reverdy, created the foundations of the movement in France. "Altazor"is Huidobro's most important creationist work where the author creates a particular world full of neologisms and unique images that show us his way of seeing the world. In 1925 he returned to his country and continued with his literary creation, highlighting the creation of the daily Acción and the magazine La Reforma, of a political nature.
Pierre Reverdy
Along with Huidobro, Reverdy is another of the biggest names of creationism, since he is the co-founder of the movement and the co-author of the article that defended the bases of this artistic trend. This French poet was closely linked with other avant-garde currents, especially with surrealism and cubism; Furthermore, he was in contact with Picasso, Breton, Tzara, etc.
Juan Larrea
Within the creationist movement in Spain we highlight Juan Larrea, an artist born in Bilbao who began his literary career by joining the ultraism movement. However, due to his friendship with Huidobro, he ultimately ended up joining the ranks of creationism. He went to live in Paris and, therefore, his texts are read in both Spanish and French, since one of his objectives was to break the shackles that his mother tongue caused him. "Celestial version "is his most valued collection of poems, a book that appeared in the 60s and that catapulted Larrea as one of the most important avant-garde authors.
Gerardo diego
Another of the most prominent authors of Spanish literary creationism was Gerardo Diego, born in Santander and also influenced by the Huidobro movement. Gerardo Diego traveled to Paris and it was there when he met the Chilean and when his artistic production took a complete turn, since he had started with traditional poetry. It was in France that she was in contact with other avant-garde movements such as Cubism and Dadaism, two influences that are clearly seen in her poetry. "Image "(1922) and" Foam Manual "(1921) They are the two most consecrated books of her.
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