DIFFERENCES between coordination, subordination and juxtaposition
The sentences can be of Different types, something that we must know correctly when we want to parse them. Each of them will have a different function and will serve to transmit one message or another. In this lesson from a TEACHER we are going to explain what the differences between coordination, subordination and juxtaposition.
We are going to start by reviewing the main differences between coordination, subordination and juxtaposition and, in the previous sections, we will analyze them more concisely. They are as follows.
Coordinated sentences
- Coordinated sentences will be those that do not present relations of syntactic dependence between the propositions that form it.
- They do not depend syntactically so they can be separated without losing meaning.
- They are related by a nexus (conjunction, conjunctive locution).
- In cases of copulative coordination: the same structure and function are found on each side of the nexus.
- Syntactic-semantic independence.
- The propositions are added to the = level >> coordinating nexus: conj.//loc. conj.
- The same grammatical category and function on either side of the nexus.
Subordinate clauses
- We speak of subordinate clauses in cases where one proposition performs a syntactic function within another; that is to say, that there is a dependence of some propositions with respect to others.
- Syntactic-semantic dependency, they cannot be separated, information is lost.
- Hierarchy between O. simple: OP + OS
- The OS plays a role within the OP (S or Complement)
- Links: Conj. (what, if) or loc. Conj. (as if, for what), adverbs, pronoun and interrogative determiners; pronoun and adv. Relative.
- Three types: nouns, adjectives and adverbials.
Juxtaposed sentences
- Union of two or more sentences without nexus, by punctuation.
- Each O has its intonation.
- Actually: coordination / subordination
In addition, on the web we have left you some training printables with your solutions in order to that you can practice what you learned in today's lesson.
When we refer to coordination, subordination and juxtaposition, we are always referring to compound sentences and their functions. To know the differences that exist between them, it is necessary to know what the definition of each of them is.
The coordinated sentencesare prayers compound, that is they have two verbs, but that between them they do not generate a syntactic dependency relationship. This coordination function occurs when in compound sentences the two propositions that make it up do not depend on each other.
Being independent, they can be easily separated, making none of them lose their original meaning. We could state them separately and both would have complete meaning.
For the union to occur is there must be a nexus, that is, a particle that is capable of joining the two premises into one, forming a compound sentence. In other words, thanks to the inclusion of this word, the two independent sentences become united without losing their original meaning. These links can be conjunctions or conjunctive phrases.
Coordinate sentences can also be given in the form copulative. This happens when the two premises that appear on both sides of the nexus in the sentence have the same structure.
Examples of coordinated sentences
On the other hand, the two premises will have the same syntactic level, that is, they are added together. Let's see some examples to understand it better:
- Pilar ate quickly and left.
- Now we are going for a walk and in the afternoon we will study.
- Javier says that she will come to eat and bring dessert.
- She came and went.
- She got up early and called me.
As you can see in these sentences there is an equality between both premises, they are united by a coordinated nexus and both can be independent without losing meaning.
The subordinate clauses they are compound sentences. In them, the premises that make it up maintain a relationship of dependency. In other words, within the subordinates we are always going to find a main statement and another that depends on it.
These, unlike the previous ones, cannot be separated, must always appear united. In the event that we carry out a division in different premises, we would lose the meaning of the sentences and information about the complete meaning of the compound sentence.
To be considered subordinate, compound sentences must meet the above characteristics and have a nexus that functions as a union of both premises and that is the one that determines the interdependence of the themselves. Subordinate clauses can be three types:
- Subordinate substantive clauses
- Subordinate adjective clauses
- Adverbial subordinate clauses
Examples of subordinate clauses
Here are some examples so that you can understand them better:
- Pepe doesn't want you to come.
- The movie you recommended is very beautiful.
- You must come even if you are tired.
- He told me that he would come to see me.
- The teacher knew that they had not studied for the exam.
- She is glad that you cheered up.
As you can see in the previous sentences, all the premises that we have explained are also met. above: all of them have their nexus and depend on each other losing meaning if the statements they separate.
The juxtaposed sentences are compound sentences in which a union of two or more premises is made but without a link between them. We find that each of the premises is independent and has its own intonation. These will be separated by punctuation marks.
Examples of juxtaposed sentences
Pay attention to the following examples:
- Live, die What does it matter?
- That cake doesn't look good, you should throw it away.
- I have to tell you something, call me as soon as you finish work.
- Juan came late, Angel couldn't, Manuel fell asleep on the sofa.
- I'm cold. Close the window!
- The boy puts on his coat, the teacher walks him to the door, her mother smiles at him.
In this case, we see that the premises are completely independent of each other. In addition, we do not find any link that joins them. All have been placed and separated through punctuation marks that help us make sense of them.
As you can see, there are clear differences between compound sentences. Knowing what coordinate, subordinate and juxtaposed sentences are is essential to learn to easily differentiate them.
We hope this lesson has helped you establish what the differences are between coordination, subordination, and juxtaposition. If you want to continue learning, we encourage you to visit our Spanish Language section where you will find very interesting content to increase your knowledge in a simple way.
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