Dadaism, find out more about or movement

O Dadaism was a very interesting artistic movement started in 1916 by restless and controversial young people who tried to find a new way of thinking and making art.

Led by Tristan Tzara, Marcel Duchamp, Raoul Hausmann and other great names, or group provocou true ruptures in the artistic system of então and influence or a series of gerações that will see follow, continue.

Find out more about this radical movement.

Or what was it or Dadaism?

O Dadaism arose as a result of a kind of collective descretion, ist, it can be said that the outbreak of a feeling of social powerlessness.

Or movement, which in its genesis was highly subversive, developed a method of work based on provocation, do not shock, do not scandal, na controversy.

Two artists thought it was necessary destroy to build something new. Breaking as a past was an essential step, for that reason or impulse of destruction was common to artists dessa geração.

O Dadaism was the forerunner of other avant-garde movements such as surrealism and pop art. He appeared as an experimental laboratory of artistic techniques, placing his hand in a duvet (including his own Dada movement). One of the two mottos of the group was:

against all and against themselves.

Or movement, marked by its radicalism, generates a series of exhibitions, manifestoes, literary productions and magazine publications.

Start of movement

Hugo Ball (1887-1966) and his wife bought a bar in 1916. Or space, transformed into a cabaret (or famous Cabaret Voltaire) ended up bringing together a series of artists and contestants from the war.

Or group that met together with names like Tristan Tzara (1896-1963), Richard Huelsenbeck (1892-1974) and Hans Arp (1886-1966).

Foi no bar that became um cabaré that the artists will systematically pass to meet, proposing contending and controversial productions. Não a toa or group is known as the most radical movement in art history.

Historic context

The Dada movement emerged during the First World War in the capital of Switzerland. Despite Dadaism, it emerged in Zurique, a Dadaist group was also growing in Nova Iorque.

From Zurique the Dadaists will go to Europe, first reaching Germany (Berlim e Colônia) and leaving France. Foi em Paris that the movement grew substantially. O Dadaísmo also progressed to Spain (Barcelona) and ganhou to North America.

End of movement

In terms of duration, or Dadaism covers the years between 1916 and 1922.

A final dissolution of the group was created in 1922, in the French capital. A lot of artists, however, decided to remain active and resolve to give origin to Surrealism.

Characteristics of Dadaism

Dadaists rejeitavam in a veely way or rationalism and carregavam um exacerbated pessimism That resulted in a denial of tudo (or niilism).

The artists of the group were understood by Serem extremely subversive: antiregras, antidiscipline, antinormas. Eram, therefore, agitating, restless creatures, not conformed.

Dadaists try to demystify art: riam da conservative art, riam do outro and riam de si mesmos. They prezavam an absolute spontaneity that many times culminates in satire e galhofa.

Another pillar of the group was a gesture of questioning (and even denying) any critical or academic authority. Artists do not subscribe to any agreement and sympathy with anarchy, com a subversão e com o cynicism.

I also read: Works of art to understand Marcel Duchamp and Dadaism.

Objectives of Dadaism

Despite being a fairly eclectic group, it is possible to meet some two common goals, two Dadaists. São eles:

• promote uma complete break with tradition;
• criticize in a radical way or system of art;
• lutar against the utilitarian vision of art: art should not please or educate;
• celebrate an event, look for a new way to look and think art;
• exalt or vazio, or nonsense, useless, illusory, or formerly considered anti-art;
• clamor pela freedom (individual and collective) because I concluded that in the end that we are not free.

The Dadaist Manifesto, a kind of bible of movement, was written by Tristan Tzara (1896-1963). No founder text - chamado Primeira Celestial Adventure do Senhor Antipirina - lê-se:

Dada é a life sem pantyhose nem parallels: I burned against the unity and decidedly against the future; We do not know very well that our brains will become macias almofadas, that we are anti-dogmatism and exclusive as a functionary and that we are not free and we shout freedom; Severe necessity sem discipline nem moral and we scratch na humanity.

Principal works of Dadaism

O Espírito do nosso tempo (1920), by Raoul Hausmann

Bicycle wheel (1913), Marcel Duchamp

Shirt Front and Fork (1922), by Jean Arp

O Art Critic (1919-1920), by Raoul Hausmann

Ubu Imperator (1923), by Max Ernst

Top Dadaist Artists

The Dada movement occurred in different countries and developed on different artistic platforms (sculpture, painting, engraving, installation, literature). The great nomes of dadaism foram:

• André Breton (França, 1896-1966)
• Tristan Tzara (Romênia, 1896-1963)
• Marcel Duchamp (França, 1887-1968)
• Man Ray (United States, 1890-1976)
• Richard Huelsenbeck (German, 1892-1974)
• Albert Gleizes (França, 1881-1953)
• Kurt Schwitters (German, 1887-1948)
• Raoul Hausmann (Austria, 1886-1971)
• John Heartfield (German, 1891-1968)
• Johannes Baader (German, 1875-1955)
• Arthur Cravan (Suíça, 1887-1918)
• Max Ernst (German, 1891-1976)

Conheça also

• Ready made: conceito e works of art
• Surrealism
• European vanguard

Formed in Literature at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (2010), Master of Literature at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (2013) and doutora in Studies of Culture of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro and of the Portuguese Catholic University of Lisbon (2018).