7 main artists of rebirth and their outstanding works
Or rebirth, which from the fourteenth century to the seventeenth century, was a period of great cultural effervescence in Europe and a scene of great masters of art, such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael and Titian.
Or the role of the Renaissance artists is essential for the values and ideas of the epoch (such as valorização do homem e da ciência) fossem transmitted to the public in an impressive and harmonious.
For this, they use resources such as symmetry, balance, perspective and non-ideal inspiration of classical beauty from Greco-Roman culture.
1. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Leonardo da Vinci can be considered the most famous Italian renaissance artist. Foi or who is chama de polymat, a person with diverse skills and knowledge in various fields of art and science.
Sua seeks hair with scientific knowledge and the creation of works of art of extreme beauty and perfection or I raised my genius status, being the same difficult to understand how exceptional size it was possível.
He was an apprentice to a known artist named Andrea del Verrochio, where he learned painting and sculpture techniques, perspective and chromatic composition.
Da Vinci has the headquarters of knowledge and seeks answers for your inquiries in a practical way, investigating through experiments, not only through academic means.
Assim, seeking greater understanding of the human body, he disseminates more than three corpos (including conducting studies on or growth of fetuses not uterus), or that I have allowed to portray as perfeição to human figure
He carried out many researches in areas such as engineering, architecture, urban planning, hydraulics, mathematics, geology and chemistry. In the meantime, there are some arts that he has better emphasize.
His studies endeavor to acquire more information and mastery of nature so that he can carry out his art in a more consistent manner.
Dessa forma, or artist ganhou enormous projeção e reconhecimento na renascença, pois nessa epoch to valorization of reason, of science and of the human being was in evidence, or that was shown in its work.
Da Vinci died in 1519, in France, aged 67. It can be said that he was a misunderstood genius, despite his immense reconsideration.
Mona Lisa (The Mona Lisa, originally), dates from 1503 and is the most famous work of Leonardo da Vinci, integrating the collection of the Museu do Louvre, na França. A canvas, of reduced dimensions (77 x 56 cm), exhibits an image of a moça da region of Florença.
Or impressive work due to its realism, harmony and mysterious atmosphere. A young man has a rather intriguing feição that was never studied by many researchers, concerned with investigating what would be the emotions displayed on the fabric.
A woman is portrayed with extreme harmony and balance, symbolizing the same time or enigma of human existence. For this reason, this is considered a major work of Renaissance art, given that in no period these characteristics were highly appreciated.
A technique used by the artist foi o sfumato (developed by him), in which light degrades only slightly, conferring greater fidelity to the effect of depth. Later, this method will also be used by other artists.
2. Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
O Italian Michelangelo Buonarroti é também um dos maiores nomes do renascimento no Cinquecentto, last phase of Renascença, or run from 1500.
As an important artist for this period, you can translate into his art all the sensitivity and skill in the representation of the human being.
Or obvious fact in the words of Giorgio Vasari, another artist of that time:
The idea of this extraordinary home was the behavior of the human body and its perfect proportions, a prodigious diversity of its attitudes and a totality of people and exaltation of the soul.
His artistic career cameçou cedo. At the age of thirteen, he was an apprentice to Master Domenico Ghirlandaio, who passed on the technical knowledge of fresh painting and design. Meanwhile, a curious artist looks for inspiration even in other names, like Giotto, Massaccio and Donatello.
Michelangelo, like da Vinci, also devoted himself to researching human anatomy, analyzing corpses and unraveling from their observations. He became deeply aware of the body, reproducing designs and sculptures of people in unusual angles with perfection.
He produced works in various artistic languages, such as painting, sculpture and architecture, being considered so talented that he was called O Divino.
Michelangelo had a long and failing life in 1564, 88 years old. His grave is found in the Igreja da Santa Cruz de Florença, in Italy.
Some major works stand out and that evidence the skill of Michelangelo in the representation of human figures and Pietà.
A sculpture was made in 1499 in marble with dimensions of 174 x 195 cm, which can be seen in the Basilica of São Pedro, not the Vatican.
Here, at dinner exhibited at the moment when Maria sure was filho Jesus, já sem vida, we braços. Your bodies are shown as exatidão.
The artist managed to transform the rigid marble into representations of muscles, looks and facial expressions in an impressive and harmonious way.
Outra noteworthy characteristic does not work on composition in pyramid format, common in works in rebirth.
By isso, a work is one of the most well-known ones, and on the side of Davi and two fresh fruits Capela Sistina, turned into an icon of the Renaissance culture feita pelas mãos do mestre.
3. Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520)
Rafael Sanzio was an artist who demonstrated his talent when he was still studying in the office of the famous master Pietro Perugino, in the Italian region of Umbria.
He was an artist who developed a great succession with some characteristics of Renaissance painting, as or balance of forms, cores and composition, I sell symmetry an important point to be worked.
Around 1504, he called Florença, where Michelangelo and Da Vinci had caused great artistic transformations. Rafael, porém, was not intimidated, and delved into his knowledge in painting.
The artist was known to paint many images of Virgem Maria (as Madonas). These canvases have a nature and spontaneity, as well as the personality of the painter.
At that moment, Raphael was invited to go to Rome and did many works for the Vatican, at the request of Pope Julius II, and later of Leo X.
Rafael Sanzio died in 1520, 37 years old, not on his anniversary day, on April 6.
Some works that stand out the most in his production of him and To the School of Athens (1509-1511). Or panel of 770 x 550 cm, it was ordered and found in the Vatican Palace.
A dinner shows a local where diverse personalities of intellectuality and philosophy are present grega, like Platão e Aristóteles, or that evidences the valorization of present classical culture not rebirth.
Another important point in this work is how the environment was exhibited, portraying great domains of perspective and depth.
To know more about the artist, read: Rafael Sanzio: main works and biography.
4. Donatello (1386? -1466)
Donatello, whose name was Donato di Niccoló di Betto Bardi, was an artist from the Florença region, considered one of the two most famous sculptors of his time.
I am also responsible for important artistic transformations in the period Quatrocentto (Seculum XV), pois afastava-se gives characteristics of Gothic art, not medieval comum.
Through his work, it is possible to observe the enormous imaginative sense of Donatello, as well as his ability to transmit the idea of movement to sculpture, since it remains firm and vigorous.
He made many statues of saints and biblical figures, inserting them into a human atmosphere, as was proper to the rebirth.
He works with materials such as marble and bronze, producing works that primarily excel in representation of the human body and two gestures.
He conquered reconquest during his life and death in 1466 in Florença, where he is buried.
Some of his works, but you will notice him and David, feita em bronze between 1444 and 1446. A peça represents a biblical passage in which David executes the giant Golias.
This was the first work exhibiting nudez depois from a period of a thousand years, inspired by classical Greco-Roman art. In the work, David is portrayed as a young man who carries a sword and a stone in every few days and is at the head of his inimigous years.
Donatello uses a statutory resource called counterpost, which consists of placing the figure supported by two pés, enquanto or weight and balanced, not the rest of the body. Such an artifact guarantors greater harmony and naturalness to sculpture.
5. Sandro Boticcelli (1446-1510)
The Florentine Sandro Boticcelli was an important fifteenth century artist who managed to transmit a harmonious and graceful aura on his canvases.
Through the representation of biblical or mythological dinners, the painter revealed his ideal of beauty, inspired by classical culture from ancient times.
Thus the figures portrayed have the beauty of divinities combined with a certain melancholy.
Or birth of Venus (Nascita di Venere) There are a number of fabrics where we can see these characteristics, being perhaps a major highlight of Boticcelli.
The work was conceived in 1484, measuring 172.5 x 278.5 cm and integrates the collection of the Galleria degli Uffizi, in Italy. Nela is portrayed at the mythological dinner of the emergence of love, Vênus, who emerges from a shell in copper of her sex with hair.
O work was a commission from a rich patron of the Medici family and exposes the young man in a serene position, Being received as a chuva of flowers by winged entities and a girl that offers a cor-de-rosa mantle.
We can observe no graceful and light squares, which are revealed by young and beautiful figures. Beleza is present that you do not notice any flaws in terms of body composition, such as elongated fish and slightly drooping shoulders of the main figure.
6. Titian (1485-1576)
Titian was two established Venetian Renaissance painters. His city of origin is the Cadore, but even more he grew up in Veneza and the segregated learning of painting.
He had great fame throughout his life, becoming an art of a mixture of cores with the same skill that his contemporary Michelangelo knew or did not know.
He used the cores as wisdom, achieving coerience and harmony in the composition through them.
Aliás, the composition of Titian's work is something to be perceived as a rupture in the art that has been produced. O painter passedou to insert the elements in us in a surprising and unusual way.
I have also been rewarded for years by his portraits and his ability to convey the sensation of liveliness of people, exhibited as expressive and powerful olhares.
His life was long, dying in 1576 in Veneza, Italy, victim of the plague that devastated Europe at a time.
A assunção da Virgem It is one of his outstanding works, it is said that Titian initiates a more independent costume of influence from other masters, such as Giorgione, his great reference.
A large panel was painted in the Basilica di Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frai in 1518 and exposes the Virgin Mary rising to the age of apostles to observe me.
A light that banha to dinner is of a heavenly beauty and all composition and feita so as to direct or olhar the public from bottom to top.
7. Tintoretto (1518-1594)
Jacopo Robusti was known as Tintoretto and was a painter of the second goal of the XV century, of a movement known as Maneirism.
The artist perceives a wear in the way that the shapes and cores were presented at this time, with simplicity and beauty, but still seen, with a lot of emotion.
Furthermore, he brings a more dramatic and expressive load to the dinners that he proposed to portray, in his biblical and mythological majority.
He used for both resources such as a marked contrast between light and shadow, eccentric gestures and movements and less soft hearts. His goal was to create tension and emotion not by the spectator, not worrying about excessively with technique.
Em Last ceia we can see the style of Tintoretto in an obvious way. The work shows a biblical dinner in which Jesus makes the last reference to the company of his disciples and dates from 1594, the last year of his life.
This composition has large dimensions of 3.65 m x 5.69 m, located in Veneza, in the Basilica of San Giorgio Maggiore.
The colors used as painter's hair are dark and reveal a gloomy, mystical and dramatic atmosphere. We can say that the color scheme is an essential element for understanding the picture.
Além disso, as personages present a luminous aura around their bodies, especially Jesus, or that provides great contrast and visual impact. The ceia table is placed diagonally, tracing an unusual use of the traditional perspective.
The elements that are shown will not be more profound later, not a movement that I see to follow, or baroque.
You can also be interested:
- Renascimento: all about Renaissance art
- Main Renaissance works to discover or period
- Michelangelo: works to know or genius
- Leonardo da Vinci: fundamental works
Bibliographic references:
- GOMBRICH, E. H. A history gives art. Rio de Janeiro: LTC - Technical and Scientific Books.
- PROENÇA, Graça. History of Art. São Paulo: Editora Ática.
