Brasília Cathedral: analysis of architecture and history
A Metropolitan Cathedral is a monument created in the capital of the country, Brasília, and was protected by an architect Oscar Niemeyer. Or building is considered a work of art inside and outside.
Thanks to this project, Niemeyer received the highest prize for architecture (or Prêmio Pritzker, in 1988).
The church is located in Praça de Acesso, next to Esplanada dos Ministérios, a local suggested by urban planner Lúcio Costa, and was inaugurated on May 31, 1970.
Following the modernist style, the construction has six concrete columns that converge with a central circle. A father of Brasília (and, consequently, the Cathedral) is Nossa Senhora Aparecida, also a father of Brazil. The temple has an original replica of the saint, which is in Aparecida (São Paulo).
Story
O nome oficial da Igreja protected by Niemeyer é Metropolitan Cathedral Nossa Senhora Aparecida.
The temple of Brasília has its fundamental stone launched on September 12, 1958. A structure was soon written about two years ago, in 1960. A inauguration, of fate, happened ten years later, on May 31, 1970.
Igreja had the capacity to receive four thousand people. At the moment it is fully functioning, counting daily commissions between third to sixth-fair (at 12:15 pm), Saturdays (at 5:00 pm) and Sundays in three hours (8:30 am, 10:30 am and 6:00 pm).
Burning assinou or structural calculation that allowed the construction of the cathedral idealized by Niemeyer foi or engineer Joaquim Cardozo. O edifício is a two icons of modernism that celebrates a profusion of curves and freedom of shape.
Four bronze sculptures, 3 meters high, by Alfredo Ceschiatti, representing evangelists Mateus, Marcos, Lucas and João, were installed on the other side of the church. The artist Dante Croce also collaborated as a worker. As the evangelists were the first to record the history of Jesus Cristo na Terra, the statues and the carregam parchments of mine.
The Cathedral of Brasília was elect inhabitants hair as a wonderful number in the city, being two main tourist points of the capital of the country.
The building was taken as the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional on November 19, 1991.
Main characteristics of the architecture of the Cathedral of Brasília
Structure of the Church
The Cathedral occupies a circular area of 70 meters in diameter. Each number of six concrete columns that compose the structure is 42 meters high and weighs ninety tons.
Os sinos e a tower
The sinos da Igreja, of large proportions and electronically controlled, are made of bronze and gold-plated with Governo da Espanha hair. Consequently, the sinos formed as the names Santa Maria, Pinta, Nina (in homage to the caravelas of the browser Spanish Cristóvão Colombo) and Pilarica (a reference to Nossa Senhora do Pilar, a saint of fundamental importance in Spain).
A tower that supports the sinuses - known as a bell tower - is 20 meters high. Since 1987, they have played every day at three times: six, twelve and ten hours.
Cross
The cross that crowns Igreja was 12 meters high and was installed on April 21, 1968, having been blessed by Pope Paul VI. Inside the cross there are two precious things: a fragment of the Cross of Christ and the Peitoral Cross of the first Archbishop of Brasília.
O espelho d'água
Around the church there is an extensive floor of water (about 40 centimeters deep) and 12 meters long. Or reservoir with capacity for one thousand liters of water.
You vitrais
Originally Igreja was surrounded by colorless glass, a huge quantity of glass was a strategic choice for architect to illuminate or space with natural light. You are protected by Marianne Peretti with an extension of 2 thousand square meters.
Interior: a Cathedral seen from the inside
O interior da Igreja brings together a series of exquisite works of art by Brazilian and international artists. Or altar foi gilded hair Pope Paul VI.
Athos Bulcão pillar and tiles
Athos Bulcão assinou or panel of tiles present not Batistério and or set of ten acrylic ink paintings on white marble plate. This second set presents passagens da vida de Maria, mãe de Jesus.
Via crucis second Di Cavalcanti
Via crucis It is a work painted hair celebrated Brazilian plastic artist Say Cavalcanti. São fifteen pictures that appear at the stations of the Via-Sacra, or the path taken by Jesus, with the cross, from the moment of his condemnation attached to the crucifixion on Mount Calvário.
A replica of Pietà
Inside the chapel there is a replica of the Pietà sculpture, by the Italian artist Michelangelo. An original sculpture is found in the Basilica of São Pedro, in Rome. A replica present in Brasília was made at the Cathedral by the house of Paulo Xavier and Carmem Morum Xavier and Chegou in the capital of the country on December 21, 1989.
It took three years for it to be produced by the Vatican Museum, with marble in resin. Try-give the first replica exactly the same as the original. O work weighs six hundred kilos and measures 1.74 meters high.
Sculptures present na nave by Alfredo Ceschiatti
Inside the nave of the igreja there are three-angle sculptures that flutter, suspended by ropes of aço. Or work is authored by the sculptor Alfredo Ceschiatti from Minas Gerais. The dimensions and weight of the sculptures are astonishing: 2.22 m compression and 100 kg at least, 3.40 m compression and 200 kg medium and 4.25 m compression and 300 kg above.
Os vitrais by Marianne Peretti
You are only colored glass windows installed in 1990 (or transparent glass made of fiberglass) and recently restored. Thus, you are inside the igreja variam, thanks to enormous vitrais years, according to the height of the day, allowing you to have a synesthetic experience. All year long there are six pieces in fiberglass conceived by the French-Brazilian plastic artist Marianne Peretti, the only woman in Niemeyer's team.
A reform of Igreja
The Cathedral received a large reform, which lasted all three years (2009-2012) and cost around R $ 20 million.
As works we will contemplate a new painting of the whole church, the recovery of the statues of the two evangelists, the exchange of two ends that We sustain ourselves, the reconstruction of the water park, the replacement of the glass, the revitalization of the access ramp, the bell tower and two sinuses.
Brasília Cathedral top view
The church is protected by Niemeyer with a terrifying view from below, imagine the beautiful angles provided by a view from the top of the monument.
Or architectonic project of Oscar Niemeyer
Oscar Niemeyer was the architect chosen for the building or building of the Cathedral of the capital of the country. A construção da Igreja dedicated to Nossa Senhora Aparecida took a long time to be completed (1959-1970).
Or number four appears curiously for several times na Igreja. São sculptures of 4 apostles, 4 sinuses, 16 concrete columns (4 × 4) that support the Cathedral and 4 angles (three angles suspended mais um quarto, anjo da guarda).
The first phase of the construction lasted six months and the construction of the main hall structure (1959-60) was completed, and the remainder was concluded between 1969 and 70. About a construção, or architect affirmed:
“I thought that the cathedral could be reflected, like a great sculpture, a religious idea, a moment of prayer, for example. Projetei-a circulate, with curved columns, which rise to the sky, as a gesture of claim and communication. "
To Igreja virou a capital icon and a visitation obligation for two tourists.
Desenho da Cathedral of Brasília
Let me say that Niemeyer, ao unhar or preedio, was inspired by an image of coroa de espinhos de Cristo na Paixão, Another theory is that the building is more extended in the format of supplication.
This is a two architectural design made in a rabiscava or project:
The various interviews granted by the team that raised the Cathedral and it is possible to capture a little spirit do present time naqueles that will build Brasília, a city erected not interior practically from nothing.
"When you have a public show, like that, I imagine that a little person is more poor than what it is, that you see or share, and I am not going to enjoy anything else. prédio (os outros é que vão ganhar dinheiro) less fear that moment of prazer, to see a different thing, to inquire: isso?. So to Arquitetura é cheia de segredos. People want to see or show. For example, the Cathedral of Brasília, burned and I do not know, thinks that it is very complicated to do. It was very simple. We build non-chão columns, pre-manufactured, and suspend. She is ready for the Cathedral! "
Conheça also
- Oscar Niemeyer: biography, works and characteristics
- Main works of Oscar Niemeyer
- Arame Opera Monument (Curitiba)
- The most impressive Gothic monuments of the world
- Escadaria Selarón Monument (Rio de Janeiro)
- Analysis of the architecture of the Cathedral of Sé
